Executive Order Approving the Basic Principles of State Policy of the Russian Federation on Nuclear Deterrence

Vladimir Putin signed Executive Order Approving the Basic Principles of State Policy of the Russian Federation on Nuclear Deterrence. November 19, 2024, 11:10

In order to improve the state policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of nuclear deterrence, the President signed Executive Order Approving the Basic Principles of State Policy of the Russian Federation on Nuclear Deterrence.

Presidential Executive Order No. 355, dated June 2, 2020, Basic Principles of State Policy of the Russian Federation on Nuclear Deterrence, shall be declared to be no longer in force. This Executive Order shall come into effect on the day of its signing.

The Basic Principles represent a strategic planning document in the area of ensuring national defence and reflect the official views on the essence of nuclear deterrence, identify military risks and threats to be neutralised by means of nuclear deterrence, outline the principles of nuclear deterrence, and specify the conditions under which the Russian Federation may proceed to use nuclear weapons.

The regulatory framework for these Basic Principles includes the Constitution of the Russian Federation, universally recognised principles and norms of international law, international treaties of the Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws, federal laws and other legal acts and documents that regulate defence and security issues.

The provisions of these Basic Principles are mandatory for implementation by all federal bodies of state authority and other government bodies and organisations involved in ensuring nuclear deterrence.

These Basic Principles may be further specified depending on the external and internal factors that influence defence implementation.

Overall guidance of state policy in the area of nuclear deterrence is carried out by the President of the Russian Federation.

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The President approved the new Basic Principles of State Policy of the Russian Federation on Nuclear Deterrence, signing the attendant Executive Order (http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/75598)

Key points:

🔹State policy on Nuclear Deterrence is defensive by nature, it is aimed at maintaining the nuclear forces potential at the level sufficient for nuclear deterrence, and guarantees protection of national sovereignty and territorial integrity of the State, and deterrence of a potential adversary from aggression against the Russian Federation and/or its allies. In the event of a military conflict, this Policy provides for the prevention of an escalation of military actions and their termination on conditions that are acceptable for the Russian Federation and/or its allies.

🔹The Russian Federation considers nuclear weapons as a means of deterrence, their use being an extreme and compelled measure, and takes all necessary efforts to reduce nuclear threat and prevent aggravation of interstate relations, that could trigger military conflicts, including nuclear ones.

🔹The Russian Federation ensures nuclear deterrence ((toward a potential adversary)), which is understood to mean any individual states or military coalitions (blocs, alliances) which see the Russian Federation as a potential adversary and possess nuclear arms and/or other weapons of mass destruction or conventional forces with a significant combat capability. Nuclear deterrence is also ensured toward any states which provide the territory, airspace, and/or maritime space under their control as well as resources for preparing and conducting an aggression against the Russian Federation.

🔹An aggression of any single state from a military coalition (bloc, alliance) against the Russian Federation and/or its allies will be regarded as an aggression of the coalition (bloc, alliance) as a whole.

🔹An aggression against the Russian Federation and/or its allies of any non-nuclear state with the participation or support of a nuclear state will be regarded as their joint attack.

🔹The Russian Federation reserves the right to use nuclear weapons in response to the use of nuclear arms and/or other weapons of mass destruction against itself and/or its allies, as well as in the event of an aggression ((against the Russian Federation and/or the Republic of Belarus)) as constituents of the Union State using conventional arms, if such an aggression creates a critical threat for their sovereignty and/or territorial integrity.

🔹The decision to use nuclear weapons is taken by the President of the Russian Federation.

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